What are escape ramps designed for?

Escape ramps are specifically constructed to provide a safe area for vehicles that are experiencing brake failure or other issues leading to uncontrolled speed. These ramps are typically found on steep grades and are designed to help drivers regain control of their vehicles by providing a soft landing area with materials like gravel or sand that can slow the vehicle down. The purpose of these ramps is to prevent accidents and protect both the driver and other road users, making them a crucial safety feature on mountainous or hilly roadways.

The other options do not reflect the intended purpose of escape ramps; for instance, guiding vehicles on flat surfaces relates to road design rather than emergency situations. Enhancing fuel efficiency and decreasing traffic congestion pertain to different aspects of roadway management and vehicle operation, which are not relevant to the function of escape ramps.